22 cities
| City | Rank | 2025 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salisbury township | 1 | 2,451 | 2,447 | 0.04% | 29 | 84.06 | Township |
| Salisbury | 2 | 1,568 | 1,565 | 0.06% | 1,172 | 1.34 | City |
| Brunswick township | 3 | 1,256 | 1,258 | -0.08% | 18 | 69.95 | Township |
| Keytesville township | 4 | 888 | 887 | 0% | 12 | 74.65 | Township |
| Brunswick | 5 | 797 | 796 | 0% | 663 | 1.20 | City |
| Keytesville | 6 | 445 | 445 | 0% | 579 | 0.77 | City |
| Musselfork township | 7 | 350 | 348 | 0% | 9 | 36.89 | Township |
| Yellow Creek township | 8 | 326 | 323 | 0.31% | 7 | 48.82 | Township |
| Mendon township | 9 | 303 | 302 | 0% | 9 | 35.26 | Township |
| Bee Branch township | 10 | 282 | 285 | -0.35% | 5 | 54 | Township |
| Cunningham township | 11 | 192 | 186 | 1.05% | 3 | 57.73 | Township |
| Chariton township | 12 | 191 | 190 | 0% | 4 | 52.27 | Township |
| Cockrell township | 13 | 169 | 166 | 0.6% | 5 | 34.85 | Township |
| Mendon | 14 | 164 | 163 | 0% | 916 | 0.18 | City |
| Salt Creek township | 15 | 161 | 160 | 0% | 4 | 37.08 | Township |
| Triplett township | 16 | 159 | 159 | 0% | 4 | 45.15 | Township |
| Sumner | 17 | 79 | 79 | 0% | 350 | 0.23 | Town |
| Rothville | 18 | 65 | 65 | 0% | 330 | 0.20 | Village |
| Prairie Hill | 19 | 60 | 51 | 7.14% | 131 | 0.46 | CDP |
| Triplett | 20 | 36 | 36 | 0% | 156 | 0.23 | City |
| Dalton | 21 | 7 | 7 | 0% | 39 | 0.18 | Town |
| St. Catharine | 22 | 1 | 107 | 0% | 1 | 0.73 | CDP |
Salisbury township is the largest city in Chariton County, with a population of 2,451.
St. Catharine is the smallest city in Chariton County.
There are 22 cities in Chariton County, Missouri.