40 cities
| City | Rank | 2025 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bruno township | 1 | 18,091 | 16,881 | 1% | 516 | 35.03 | Township |
| Andover | 2 | 16,380 | 14,965 | 1.76% | 1,573 | 10.41 | City |
| El Dorado | 3 | 12,962 | 12,854 | 0.17% | 1,354 | 9.58 | City |
| Augusta | 4 | 9,249 | 9,239 | 0.02% | 2,180 | 4.24 | City |
| Pleasant township | 5 | 5,547 | 5,344 | 0.65% | 154 | 36.04 | Township |
| Rose Hill | 6 | 4,427 | 4,189 | 1.1% | 1,962 | 2.26 | City |
| Richland township | 7 | 2,675 | 2,582 | 0.6% | 74 | 36.18 | Township |
| Towanda township | 8 | 2,598 | 2,601 | 0% | 72 | 35.95 | Township |
| Benton township | 9 | 2,392 | 2,377 | 0.21% | 67 | 35.96 | Township |
| Prospect township | 10 | 2,329 | 2,280 | 0.47% | 29 | 79.13 | Township |
| Douglass township | 11 | 2,007 | 2,005 | 0.1% | 56 | 35.76 | Township |
| Douglass | 12 | 1,537 | 1,549 | -0.13% | 1,447 | 1.06 | City |
| Spring township | 13 | 1,488 | 1,479 | 0.2% | 41 | 35.98 | Township |
| Towanda | 14 | 1,435 | 1,445 | -0.14% | 1,570 | 0.91 | City |
| Augusta township | 15 | 1,246 | 1,227 | 0.4% | 39 | 31.92 | Township |
| Little Walnut township | 16 | 955 | 935 | 0.53% | 27 | 36.01 | Township |
| Benton | 17 | 945 | 944 | 0% | 676 | 1.40 | City |
| Benton township | 18 | 909 | 934 | -0.22% | 15 | 60.19 | Township |
| El Dorado township | 19 | 848 | 835 | 0.36% | 17 | 50.90 | Township |
| Leon | 20 | 666 | 656 | 0.3% | 921 | 0.72 | City |
| Whitewater | 21 | 666 | 660 | 0.15% | 1,620 | 0.41 | City |
| Plum Grove township | 22 | 597 | 597 | 0.17% | 17 | 35.80 | Township |
| Rosalia township | 23 | 561 | 556 | 0% | 9 | 62.56 | Township |
| Bloomington township | 24 | 516 | 491 | 0.98% | 14 | 36.04 | Township |
| Fairmount township | 25 | 481 | 481 | 0% | 13 | 36.22 | Township |
| Potwin | 26 | 421 | 423 | 0% | 1,791 | 0.23 | City |
| Rock Creek township | 27 | 305 | 297 | 0.66% | 8 | 36.12 | Township |
| Chelsea township | 28 | 282 | 273 | 0.71% | 3 | 100.84 | Township |
| Elbing | 29 | 223 | 225 | 0% | 1,297 | 0.17 | City |
| Clifford township | 30 | 214 | 213 | 0% | 5 | 41.96 | Township |
| Glencoe township | 31 | 176 | 175 | 0% | 3 | 62.32 | Township |
| Rosalia | 32 | 147 | 100 | -1.34% | 116 | 1.27 | CDP |
| Union township | 33 | 143 | 142 | 0% | 2 | 62.33 | Township |
| Cassoday | 34 | 111 | 110 | 0% | 326 | 0.34 | City |
| Latham | 35 | 100 | 99 | 0% | 461 | 0.22 | City |
| Hickory township | 36 | 89 | 90 | 0% | 1 | 62.46 | Township |
| Clay township | 37 | 65 | 62 | 0% | 2 | 36.44 | Township |
| Beaumont | 38 | 50 | 29 | 6.38% | 90 | 0.55 | CDP |
| Benton township | 39 | 24 | 27 | -4% | 1 | 35.79 | Township |
| Towanda township | 40 | 24 | 25 | 0% | 1 | 35.94 | Township |
Bruno township is the largest city in Butler County, with a population of 18,091.
Towanda township is the smallest city in Butler County.
There are 40 cities in Butler County, Kansas.