Northern Europe is dominated by London, which stands far above other cities with 7.6M residents. A significant gap exists before reaching the next largest cities, Stockholm (1.5M) and Copenhagen (1.2M).
The United Kingdom features numerous major urban centers beyond London, including Birmingham (984.3K), Liverpool (864.1K), and Sheffield (685.4K). The British urban network extends to Scotland with Glasgow (591.6K) and Edinburgh (465K).
Nordic capitals form important regional centers, with Oslo (580K) and Helsinki (558.5K) serving as major metropolitan areas. The Baltic states are anchored by their capitals: Riga (742.6K), Vilnius (542.4K), and Tallinn (394K).